نشریه تحقیقات بنیادین علوم انسانی
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 5، زمستان 1395)

Divine Universal Rules are the laws that God has ruled over the creation world, and through them, he directs the creation world. By discovering Divine Universal Rules, and explaining their system from the Holy Quran and Imams Speeches, we can gain a specific normative-cognitive frame of the creation world and Godchr('39')s guidance system. Understanding and using this Universal Rules in various scientific fields, especially in islamic management, can be useful. By using this Universal Rules in islamic management, and coordinating the human planning system with the Godchr('39')s guidance system and designing the movement based on them, islamic management has a more special position related to the modern management. This article at the first explains the Divine Universal Rules and its using necessity in the islamic humanities, especially islamic management. And then specifically, Sustenance Rule as one of the Divine Universal Rules and its implications in islamic management is mentioned. The Sustenance Rule is one of the Rules that God has ruled over the creation world and through which he directs his sustenancechr('39')s worshippers. Research methodology is based on library studies and research on Holy Quran Verses based on interpretational methodology.

This study was conducted with two purposes of developing experience management from Islam viewpoint and examining its status from the experts’ viewpoint in a public organization. This research is a descriptive and by analytical and research methods. In order to perform the first purpose of research, Mizan al-Hikmah book (Mohammadi Reyshahri) selected purposefully (reputational case sampling) and book was analysis using method of grounded theory. By reviewing the book, concepts related with the experience management were extracted, and then concepts categorized into phenomenon, context, cause, intervening conditions, strategy and consequence. Then relation of phenomenon, context, cause, intervening conditions, strategy and consequence were designed in the form of model and with writing of propositions; experience management theory from Islam viewpoint were designed and fit of the theory was investigated and confirmed. In order to perform the second purpose of research, a questionnaire with components of understanding the importance of experience, acquisition and maintenance of experience and application of experience was developed based on the above theory. Then, 42 experts from a public organization in Isfahan city were selected through purposive sampling and their views on the status of the experience management were obtained. Results of dependent t-Test showed that experience management in the organization is lower than the desired status. The results of Friedman test indicated that the rating of the components of the experience management in the present status would include the acquisition and maintenance of experience, understanding the importance of experience and application of experience, while in the desired status, it should include, understanding the importance of experience, acquisition and maintenance of experience and application of experience.

“Social ontology" deals with the existence of "social issues", "social facts" and "social processes and events," and focuses on ideas about the nature of social life, it’s characteristics, structure, and elements of consciousness. The ontological principles of Sadrachr('39')s create architype of socity from the total of individuals on the axis of epistemic and spiritual horizons. The human being in the horizon of existential dialectical interaction relates to the structures and structural elements of society, and thus subject and object come together on a single circuit. Society, like the rest of the worldchr('39')s existential matters, contains " Substantial motion". Human agencies and their intentional actions lead the society as a whole to perfection or decadence. Man, which is the intersection of possibilities and actualities, passes through the possibility of a righteous act and true faith, and reaches the rational abstraction and the divine identity. Knowledge is the existential and is part of the actuality that binds the material extant to the eternal absolute divine being and from this pass apear the  huaman happines and its pure life. This article seeks to analyze theoritical emergence of Sadra’s thought in sicial sciences through study philosophical fundation of transcendental wisdom. By analyzing of Sadra’s fundations of social sciences, the pass of localization of social sciences get smoother, and hope to generating islamic social theories in macro scale will be added.

Providing various definitions of the concept of "Islamic management" with various approaches such as Philosophical, jurisprudence and ethics has created a conceptual dispersal. Not distinguishing between these approaches or hiding this issue for a managerial style that, in addition to the criteria proposed in a minimalistic sense, provides the basis for more criteria and values On the one hand, not Islamic managerial practice that out of Defined tight scope in another approach on the other hand, has put an issue to the scholars of this field. Is it possible to impose a gradation conception of Islamic management to accommodate different views? What is the concept, its level and specification? In this article, first by using the analytical-descriptive method, the concept of management is analyzed and then the point of its intersection with the school of Islam (goal and process) is obtained. Then, by examining the different situations that these two, find with Islam, it became clear that different situations arise between situations in which management and Islam are in match and conflict. The most Islamic level of Islamic management is realized when the goal, processes and Management focus are consistent with the schoolchr('39')s purpose of Islam, its values and desired outcomes. These three dimensions, if less consistent with Islam, are reduced to the degree of Islamic management and extend the degree of lack of Islam, To the extent that all three dimensions are not only contradictory but conflict with Islam. The common theory of management science are in the continuum of Islamic and non-Islamic management, depending on what they relate to the schoolchr('39')s purpose and Islamic values. Consequently, the judgment about Islamicness of management science is subject to detailed examination and cannot be considered as totally Islamic or un-Islamic.

Nowadays, the discussion of thought history has become one of the concerns of researchers and the dominant philosophical attitude in the academic world is about the belief in cognitive, historical, and less verbal conflicts. In other words, the modern world is more inclined to recognize the nature of Shiite with a historical approach. Therefore, in order to prove the historicity of the belief in Imati, the first historical Shiite period is considered as one of the most important parts of the knowledge and analysis of this school. Throughout history, dominant power and dominant discourse belonged to followers of the caliphschr('39') school, and therefore there are numerous evidence that historiography in the early sources has been influenced by verbal beliefs and ethnic and political affiliations of Sunni historians. Therefore, we encounter differences in the content of the historical and public history reports, sometimes between the public. The important point is that these differences in content are documentary for false beliefs or false beliefs. On the other hand, misrepresentation of the historical report eliminates the existing evidence of history on verbal beliefs and provokes verbal doubts with historical cover.  This treatise seeks to answer what is, why and how "the pattern of history is a research based on verses, narrations and theological principles of the Imam". Why the need for this pattern has been stated in the story and in what it should be said that this history is a reliable and reliant history that its examination reveals evidence of the Shichr('39')i theological beliefs and its study contains the extraction of the documents of the Imāmhichr('39')s verbal beliefs and its analysis. Beliefs Also, this definitive history will never be a source of believing independently. In this template it should be stated that by compiling the historical reports of the Qurchr('39')an and Sunnah as the most reliable and definitive written record of the revelation and relying on the Shichr('39')i theological beliefs and comparative studies between historical sources and the decoding of the dominant discourse, to the definitive date We find that historical authenticity proves the belief of the Imam from the first period and reflects Shiite beliefs.

The theory of “additional philosophies”, with a concern for objectifying philosophy in outside world, seeks for production of humanities and social sciences. Besides that, it tries to cross over the philosophy from an abstract position to extend over scientific theories. The outlook tries to bring about a new set of practical philosophical bases and founds a modern philosophical wisdom (Hikmat) that is Islamic and catches concrete human as its subject. In fact such a Hikmat is the result of additional philosophies’ approach and the outcome to the paradigm of the philosophy of Islamic philosophy. Therefore, production of social Humanities should take place under the authority of a religious based wisdom, means an all-embracing Islamic philosophy with practical policies. Here the Islamic essence of the sciences would originate from the philosophy. Within such outlook, additional philosophy is considered as a common expression that means both additional philosophies to reality and additional philosophies to sciences. Critically speaking, this approach was not able to create a methodological connection among additional philosophy and Islamic general philosophy. Also the new Hikmat lacks the ability to make philosophy practical, either fundamentally or methodically. Basically, philosophy does not claim to extend over social arenas and to have a role in theory- making. Thus the theory lacks coherence structurally and is shaped as a result of compiling heterogeneous structures.